2008 年公民常识考试
全部 100 道公民常识题和答案
如果你在 2025 年 10 月 20 日之前递交了 N-400 表格,你要考 2008 年公民常识考试。移民官最多问其中 10 道题,答对 6 道即通过。点击喇叭图标可以听题目。
★ 标出的是 20 道题,适用于 65 岁或以上、且成为永久居民 20 年或以上的申请人(65/20)。
Principles of American Democracy
- 1
What is the supreme law of the land?
什么是国家的最高法律?
- The Constitution 宪法
- 2
What does the Constitution do?
宪法有什么作用?
- Sets up the government 建立政府
- Defines the government 界定政府
- Protects basic rights of Americans 保护美国人的基本权利
- 3
The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?
自治的理念就在宪法开头的三个词里。这三个词是什么?
- We the People We the People(我们人民)
- 4
What is an amendment?
什么是修正案?
- A change (to the Constitution) (对宪法的)修改
- An addition (to the Constitution) (对宪法的)增补
- 5
What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?
宪法的前十条修正案叫什么?
- The Bill of Rights 《权利法案》
- 6★
What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?
第一修正案中的一项权利或自由是什么?
- Speech 言论自由
- Religion 宗教自由
- Assembly 集会自由
- Press 新闻自由
- Petition the government 向政府请愿
- 7
How many amendments does the Constitution have?
宪法有多少条修正案?
- Twenty-seven (27) 二十七(27)条
- 8
What did the Declaration of Independence do?
《独立宣言》做了什么?
- Announced our independence (from Great Britain) 宣告我们(脱离英国)独立
- Declared our independence (from Great Britain) 宣布我们(脱离英国)独立
- Said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) 表示美国(脱离英国)获得了自由
- 9
What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?
《独立宣言》中提到的两项权利是什么?
- Life 生命
- Liberty 自由
- Pursuit of happiness 追求幸福
- 10
What is freedom of religion?
什么是宗教自由?
- You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. 您可以信奉任何宗教,也可以不信奉任何宗教。
- 11★
What is the economic system in the United States?
美国的经济制度是什么?
- Capitalist economy 资本主义经济
- Market economy 市场经济
- 12
What is the "rule of law"?
什么是法治?
- Everyone must follow the law. 人人都必须遵守法律。
- Leaders must obey the law. 领导人必须遵守法律。
- Government must obey the law. 政府必须遵守法律。
- No one is above the law. 任何人都不能凌驾于法律之上。
System of Government
- 13★
Name one branch or part of the government.
说出政府的一个分支或部分。
- Congress 国会
- Legislative 立法
- President 总统
- Executive 行政
- The courts 法院
- Judicial 司法
- 14
What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?
什么能防止政府的某一个分支变得过于强大?
- Checks and balances 制约与平衡
- Separation of powers 权力分立
- 15
Who is in charge of the executive branch?
谁负责行政分支?
- The President 总统
- 16
Who makes federal laws?
谁制定联邦法律?
- Congress 国会
- Senate and House (of Representatives) 参议院和众议院
- (U.S. or national) legislature (美国或国家)立法机构
- 17★
What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?
美国国会由哪两个部分组成?
- The Senate and House (of Representatives) 参议院和众议院
- 18
How many U.S. Senators are there?
美国有多少名联邦参议员?
- One hundred (100) 一百(100)名
- 19
We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?
我们选举美国联邦参议员,任期是几年?
- Six (6) 六(6)
- 20★
- 21
The House of Representatives has how many voting members?
众议院有多少名有投票权的议员?
- Four hundred thirty-five (435) 四百三十五(435)名
- 22
We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?
我们选出的美国众议员任期是几年?
- Two (2) 两(2)年
- 23
- 24
Who does a U.S. Senator represent?
美国联邦参议员代表谁?
- All people of the state 本州的所有人民
- 25
Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?
为什么有些州的众议员比其他州多?
- (Because of) the state's population (因为)该州的人口
- (Because) they have more people (因为)它们的人更多
- (Because) some states have more people (因为)有些州的人更多
- 26
We elect a President for how many years?
我们选举总统,任期是几年?
- Four (4) 四(4)
- 27★
In what month do we vote for President?
我们在哪个月投票选举总统?
- November 十一月
- 28★
What is the name of the President of the United States now?
现任美国总统叫什么名字?
- Donald J. Trump
- 29
What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?
现任美国副总统叫什么名字?
- JD Vance
- 30
If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?
如果总统不能再任职,谁会成为总统?
- The Vice President 副总统
- 31
If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?
如果总统和副总统都不能再任职,谁会成为总统?
- The Speaker of the House 众议院议长
- 32
Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?
谁是军队的最高统帅?
- The President 总统
- 33
Who signs bills to become laws?
谁签署法案使其成为法律?
- The President 总统
- 34
Who vetoes bills?
谁否决法案?
- The President 总统
- 35
What does the President's Cabinet do?
总统内阁做什么?
- Advises the President 为总统提供建议
- 36
What are two Cabinet-level positions?
内阁级职位有哪些?请说出两个。
- Secretary of Agriculture 农业部长
- Secretary of Commerce 商务部长
- Secretary of Defense 国防部长
- Secretary of Education 教育部长
- Secretary of Energy 能源部长
- Secretary of Health and Human Services 卫生与公众服务部长
- Secretary of Homeland Security 国土安全部长
- Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 住房和城市发展部长
- Secretary of the Interior 内政部长
- Secretary of Labor 劳工部长
- Secretary of State 国务卿
- Secretary of Transportation 交通部长
- Secretary of the Treasury 财政部长
- Secretary of Veterans Affairs 退伍军人事务部长
- Attorney General 司法部长
- Vice President 副总统
- 37
What does the judicial branch do?
司法部门做什么?
- Reviews laws 审查法律
- Explains laws 解释法律
- Resolves disputes (disagreements) 解决争议(分歧)
- Decides if a law goes against the Constitution 裁定一项法律是否违反宪法
- 38
What is the highest court in the United States?
美国最高级别的法院是什么?
- The Supreme Court 最高法院
- 39
How many justices are on the Supreme Court?
最高法院有几位大法官?
- Nine (9) 九(9)
- 40
Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?
现任美国首席大法官是谁?
- John Roberts
- 41
Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government?
根据我们的宪法,有些权力属于联邦政府。联邦政府的一项权力是什么?
- To print money 印制货币
- To declare war 宣战
- To create an army 建立军队
- To make treaties 缔结条约
- 42
Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?
根据我们的宪法,有些权力属于各州。各州的一项权力是什么?
- Provide schooling and education 提供学校和教育
- Provide protection (police) 提供保护(警察)
- Provide safety (fire departments) 提供安全保障(消防部门)
- Give a driver's license 发放驾照
- Approve zoning and land use 批准分区规划和土地使用
- 43
- 44★
- 45★
What are the two major political parties in the United States?
美国的两大政党是什么?
- Democratic and Republican 民主党和共和党
- 46
What is the political party of the President now?
现任总统属于哪个政党?
- Republican (Party) 共和党
- 47
What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?
现任众议院议长叫什么名字?
- Mike Johnson
Rights and Responsibilities
- 48
There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.
宪法中有四条关于谁可以投票的修正案。请描述其中一条。
- Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). 十八(18)岁及以上的公民(可以投票)。
- You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. 您不必缴纳(人头税)就可以投票。
- Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) 任何公民都可以投票。(女性和男性都可以投票。)
- A male citizen of any race (can vote). 任何种族的男性公民(都可以投票)。
- 49★
What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?
只有美国公民才有的一项责任是什么?
- Serve on a jury 担任陪审员
- Vote in a federal election 在联邦选举中投票
- 50
Name one right only for United States citizens.
说出一项只有美国公民才享有的权利。
- Vote in a federal election 在联邦选举中投票
- Run for federal office 竞选联邦公职
- 51
What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?
所有住在美国的人都享有哪两项权利?
- Freedom of expression 表达自由
- Freedom of speech 言论自由
- Freedom of assembly 集会自由
- Freedom to petition the government 向政府请愿的自由
- Freedom of religion 宗教自由
- The right to bear arms 持有武器的权利
- 52
What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?
当我们背诵忠诚誓言(Pledge of Allegiance)时,我们是在向什么表示忠诚?
- The United States 美国
- The flag 国旗
- 53
What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?
当您成为美国公民时,您作出的一项承诺是什么?
- Give up loyalty to other countries 放弃对其他国家的效忠
- Defend the Constitution and laws of the United States 捍卫美国宪法和法律
- Obey the laws of the United States 遵守美国法律
- Serve in the U.S. military (if needed) 在美国军队服役(如有需要)
- Serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) 为国家服务(为国家做重要工作)(如有需要)
- Be loyal to the United States 忠于美国
- 54★
How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?
公民必须年满多少岁才能投票选举总统?
- Eighteen (18) and older 十八(18)岁及以上
- 55
What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?
美国人可以通过哪两种方式参与他们的民主?
- Vote 投票
- Join a political party 加入政党
- Help with a campaign 协助竞选活动
- Join a civic group 加入公民团体
- Join a community group 加入社区团体
- Give an elected official your opinion on an issue 就某个议题向民选官员表达您的意见
- Call Senators and Representatives 给参议员和众议员打电话
- Publicly support or oppose an issue or policy 公开支持或反对某个议题或政策
- Run for office 竞选公职
- Write to a newspaper 给报纸写信
- 56★
When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?
您最晚可以在哪一天寄出联邦所得税表格?
- April 15 4月15日
- 57
When must all men register for the Selective Service?
所有男性什么时候必须在义务兵役登记处(Selective Service)登记?
- At age eighteen (18) 十八(18)岁时
- Between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) 十八(18)岁至二十六(26)岁之间
Colonial Period and Independence
- 58
What is one reason colonists came to America?
殖民者来到美洲的一个原因是什么?
- Freedom 自由
- Political liberty 政治自由
- Religious freedom 宗教自由
- Economic opportunity 经济机会
- Practice their religion 信奉自己的宗教
- Escape persecution 逃避迫害
- 59
Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?
在欧洲人到来之前,谁住在美洲?
- American Indians 美洲印第安人
- Native Americans 美洲原住民
- 60
What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?
哪一群人被带到美洲并被卖为奴隶?
- Africans 非洲人
- People from Africa 来自非洲的人
- 61
Why did the colonists fight the British?
殖民者为什么与英国人作战?
- Because of high taxes (taxation without representation) 因为高税收(无代表权却要纳税)
- Because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering) 因为英国军队住在他们的家里(寄宿、驻扎)
- Because they didn't have self-government 因为他们没有自治权
- 62
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
谁撰写了《独立宣言》?
- (Thomas) Jefferson (Thomas) Jefferson(托马斯·杰斐逊)
- 63
When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
《独立宣言》是什么时候通过的?
- July 4, 1776 1776年7月4日
- 64
There were 13 original states. Name three.
最初有13个州。说出其中三个。
- New Hampshire 新罕布什尔州(New Hampshire)
- Massachusetts 马萨诸塞州(Massachusetts)
- Rhode Island 罗得岛州(Rhode Island)
- Connecticut 康涅狄格州(Connecticut)
- New York 纽约州(New York)
- New Jersey 新泽西州(New Jersey)
- Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚州(Pennsylvania)
- Delaware 特拉华州(Delaware)
- Maryland 马里兰州(Maryland)
- Virginia 弗吉尼亚州(Virginia)
- North Carolina 北卡罗来纳州(North Carolina)
- South Carolina 南卡罗来纳州(South Carolina)
- Georgia 佐治亚州(Georgia)
- 65
What happened at the Constitutional Convention?
制宪会议上发生了什么?
- The Constitution was written. 宪法写成了。
- The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution. 开国元勋写成了宪法。
- 66
When was the Constitution written?
宪法是什么时候写成的?
- 1787 1787年
- 67
The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.
《联邦党人文集》(Federalist Papers)支持通过美国宪法。说出其中一位作者。
- (James) Madison (James) Madison(詹姆斯·麦迪逊)
- (Alexander) Hamilton (Alexander) Hamilton(亚历山大·汉密尔顿)
- (John) Jay (John) Jay(约翰·杰伊)
- Publius Publius(普布利乌斯)
- 68
What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?
本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin)因什么而闻名?请说出一件事。
- U.S. diplomat 美国外交官
- Oldest member of the Constitutional Convention 制宪会议中年龄最大的成员
- First Postmaster General of the United States 美国第一任邮政总长
- Writer of "Poor Richard's Almanac" 《穷理查年鉴》(Poor Richard's Almanac)的作者
- Started the first free libraries 创办了第一批免费图书馆
- 69
Who is the "Father of Our Country"?
谁是“国父”?
- (George) Washington (George) Washington(乔治·华盛顿)
- 70★
Who was the first President?
谁是第一任总统?
- (George) Washington (George) Washington(乔治·华盛顿)
1800s
- 71
What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?
美国在1803年从法国买下了哪块领土?
- The Louisiana Territory 路易斯安那领地(Louisiana Territory)
- Louisiana 路易斯安那(Louisiana)
- 72
Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.
说出美国在19世纪(1800年代)打过的一场战争。
- War of 1812 1812年战争
- Mexican-American War 美墨战争
- Civil War 南北战争(内战)
- Spanish-American War 美西战争
- 73
Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.
说出美国北方与南方之间的那场战争。
- The Civil War 南北战争(内战)
- The War between the States 各州之间的战争
- 74
Name one problem that led to the Civil War.
说出一个导致南北战争的问题。
- Slavery 奴隶制
- Economic reasons 经济原因
- States' rights 州权
- 75★
What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?
亚伯拉罕·林肯(Abraham Lincoln)做过的一件重要的事是什么?
- Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation) 解放了奴隶(《解放奴隶宣言》)
- Saved (or preserved) the Union 拯救(或维护)了联邦
- Led the United States during the Civil War 在南北战争期间领导美国
- 76
What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
《解放奴隶宣言》做了什么?
- Freed the slaves 解放了奴隶
- Freed slaves in the Confederacy 解放了邦联的奴隶
- Freed slaves in the Confederate states 解放了邦联各州的奴隶
- Freed slaves in most Southern states 解放了大多数南方州的奴隶
- 77
What did Susan B. Anthony do?
Susan B. Anthony(苏珊·B·安东尼)做了什么?
- Fought for women's rights 为妇女权利而斗争
- Fought for civil rights 为民权而斗争
Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information
- 78★
Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.
请说出一场美国在20世纪(1900年代)参加的战争。
- World War I 第一次世界大战
- World War II 第二次世界大战
- Korean War 朝鲜战争
- Vietnam War 越南战争
- (Persian) Gulf War 海湾战争(波斯湾战争)
- 79
Who was President during World War I?
第一次世界大战期间的美国总统是谁?
- (Woodrow) Wilson (Woodrow) Wilson(伍德罗·威尔逊)
- 80
Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?
大萧条和第二次世界大战期间的美国总统是谁?
- (Franklin) Roosevelt (Franklin) Roosevelt(富兰克林·罗斯福)
- 81
Who did the United States fight in World War II?
美国在第二次世界大战中与谁作战?
- Japan, Germany, and Italy 日本、德国和意大利
- 82
Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?
Eisenhower(艾森豪威尔)在当总统之前是一名将军。他参加了哪一场战争?
- World War II 第二次世界大战
- 83
During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?
冷战期间,美国主要担心的是什么?
- Communism 共产主义
- 84
What movement tried to end racial discrimination?
哪个运动试图结束种族歧视?
- Civil rights (movement) 民权(运动)
- 85★
What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?
Martin Luther King, Jr.(小马丁·路德·金)做了什么?
- Fought for civil rights 为民权而斗争
- Worked for equality for all Americans 为所有美国人的平等而努力
- 86
What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States?
2001年9月11日在美国发生了什么重大事件?
- Terrorists attacked the United States. 恐怖分子袭击了美国。
- 87
Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.
请说出一个美国的美洲印第安人部落。
- Cherokee Cherokee(切罗基族)
- Navajo Navajo(纳瓦霍族)
- Sioux Sioux(苏族)
- Chippewa Chippewa(奇珀瓦族)
- Choctaw Choctaw(乔克托族)
- Pueblo Pueblo(普韦布洛族)
- Apache Apache(阿帕奇族)
- Iroquois Iroquois(易洛魁族)
- Creek Creek(克里克族)
- Blackfeet Blackfeet(黑脚族)
- Seminole Seminole(塞米诺尔族)
- Cheyenne Cheyenne(夏延族)
- Arawak Arawak(阿拉瓦克族)
- Shawnee Shawnee(肖尼族)
- Mohegan Mohegan(莫希干族)
- Huron Huron(休伦族)
- Oneida Oneida(奥奈达族)
- Lakota Lakota(拉科塔族)
- Crow Crow(克劳族)
- Teton Teton(提顿族)
- Hopi Hopi(霍皮族)
- Inuit Inuit(因纽特人)
Geography
- 88
Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States.
说出美国最长的两条河流之一。
- Missouri (River) 密苏里(Missouri)(河)
- Mississippi (River) 密西西比(Mississippi)(河)
- 89
What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?
哪个大洋位于美国的西海岸?
- Pacific (Ocean) 太平洋
- 90
What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?
美国东海岸濒临哪个大洋?
- Atlantic (Ocean) 大西洋(Atlantic Ocean)
- 91
Name one U.S. territory.
说出一个美国领地。
- Puerto Rico Puerto Rico(波多黎各)
- U.S. Virgin Islands U.S. Virgin Islands(美属维尔京群岛)
- American Samoa American Samoa(美属萨摩亚)
- Northern Mariana Islands Northern Mariana Islands(北马里亚纳群岛)
- Guam Guam(关岛)
- 92
Name one state that borders Canada.
说出一个与加拿大接壤的州。
- Maine Maine(缅因州)
- New Hampshire New Hampshire(新罕布什尔州)
- Vermont Vermont(佛蒙特州)
- New York New York(纽约州)
- Pennsylvania Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚州)
- Ohio Ohio(俄亥俄州)
- Michigan Michigan(密歇根州)
- Minnesota Minnesota(明尼苏达州)
- North Dakota North Dakota(北达科他州)
- Montana Montana(蒙大拿州)
- Idaho Idaho(爱达荷州)
- Washington Washington(华盛顿州)
- Alaska Alaska(阿拉斯加州)
- 93
Name one state that borders Mexico.
说出一个与墨西哥接壤的州。
- California 加利福尼亚州(California)
- Arizona 亚利桑那州(Arizona)
- New Mexico 新墨西哥州(New Mexico)
- Texas 得克萨斯州(Texas)
- 94★
What is the capital of the United States?
美国的首都是哪里?
- Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C.(华盛顿特区)
- 95★
Where is the Statue of Liberty?
自由女神像在哪里?
- New York (Harbor) 纽约(港)
- Liberty Island [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).] 自由岛(Liberty Island)[也可以回答:新泽西州、纽约市附近、在哈德逊(河)上。]
Symbols
- 96
Why does the flag have 13 stripes?
国旗上为什么有13道条纹?
- Because there were 13 original colonies (因为有)13个最初的殖民地
- Because the stripes represent the original colonies (因为这些条纹)代表最初的殖民地
- 97★
Why does the flag have 50 stars?
国旗上为什么有50颗星?
- Because there is one star for each state (因为)每个州有一颗星
- Because each star represents a state (因为)每颗星代表一个州
- Because there are 50 states (因为有)50个州
- 98
What is the name of the national anthem?
美国国歌叫什么名字?
- The Star-Spangled Banner The Star-Spangled Banner(《星条旗》)
Holidays
- 99★
When do we celebrate Independence Day?
我们在哪一天庆祝独立日?
- July 4 7月4日
- 100
Name two national U.S. holidays.
请说出两个美国的全国性节日。
- New Year's Day 元旦
- Martin Luther King, Jr. Day 马丁·路德·金纪念日(Martin Luther King, Jr. Day)
- Presidents' Day 总统日
- Memorial Day 阵亡将士纪念日
- Independence Day 独立日
- Labor Day 劳动节
- Columbus Day 哥伦布日
- Veterans Day 退伍军人节
- Thanksgiving 感恩节
- Christmas 圣诞节
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