2008 年公民常识考试

全部 100 道​公民常识题和答案

如果你在 2025 年 10 月 20 日之前递交了 N-400 表格,你要考 2008 年公民常识考试。移民官最多问其中 10 道题,答对 6 道即通过。点击喇叭图标可以听题目。

★ 标出的是 20 道题,适用于 65 岁或以上、且成为永久居民 20 年或以上的申请人(65/20)。

在 2025 年 10 月 20 日或之后递交的?请看 2025 版题目。

Principles of American Democracy

  1. 1

    What is the supreme law of the land?

    什么是国家的最高法律?

    • The Constitution 宪法
  2. 2

    What does the Constitution do?

    宪法有什么作用?

    • Sets up the government 建立政府
    • Defines the government 界定政府
    • Protects basic rights of Americans 保护美国人的基本权利
  3. 3

    The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?

    自治的理念就在宪法开头的三个词里。这三个词是什么?

    • We the People We the People(我们人民)
  4. 4

    What is an amendment?

    什么是修正案?

    • A change (to the Constitution) (对宪法的)修改
    • An addition (to the Constitution) (对宪法的)增补
  5. 5

    What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

    宪法的前十条修正案叫什么?

    • The Bill of Rights 《权利法案》
  6. 6★

    What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?

    第一修正案中的一项权利或自由是什么?

    • Speech 言论自由
    • Religion 宗教自由
    • Assembly 集会自由
    • Press 新闻自由
    • Petition the government 向政府请愿
  7. 7

    How many amendments does the Constitution have?

    宪法有多少条修正案?

    • Twenty-seven (27) 二十七(27)条
  8. 8

    What did the Declaration of Independence do?

    《独立宣言》做了什么?

    • Announced our independence (from Great Britain) 宣告我们(脱离英国)独立
    • Declared our independence (from Great Britain) 宣布我们(脱离英国)独立
    • Said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) 表示美国(脱离英国)获得了自由
  9. 9

    What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?

    《独立宣言》中提到的两项权利是什么?

    • Life 生命
    • Liberty 自由
    • Pursuit of happiness 追求幸福
  10. 10

    What is freedom of religion?

    什么是宗教自由?

    • You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. 您可以信奉任何宗教,也可以不信奉任何宗教。
  11. 11★

    What is the economic system in the United States?

    美国的经济制度是什么?

    • Capitalist economy 资本主义经济
    • Market economy 市场经济
  12. 12

    What is the "rule of law"?

    什么是法治?

    • Everyone must follow the law. 人人都必须遵守法律。
    • Leaders must obey the law. 领导人必须遵守法律。
    • Government must obey the law. 政府必须遵守法律。
    • No one is above the law. 任何人都不能凌驾于法律之上。

System of Government

  1. 13★

    Name one branch or part of the government.

    说出政府的一个分支或部分。

    • Congress 国会
    • Legislative 立法
    • President 总统
    • Executive 行政
    • The courts 法院
    • Judicial 司法
  2. 14

    What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

    什么能防止政府的某一个分支变得过于强大?

    • Checks and balances 制约与平衡
    • Separation of powers 权力分立
  3. 15

    Who is in charge of the executive branch?

    谁负责行政分支?

    • The President 总统
  4. 16

    Who makes federal laws?

    谁制定联邦法律?

    • Congress 国会
    • Senate and House (of Representatives) 参议院和众议院
    • (U.S. or national) legislature (美国或国家)立法机构
  5. 17★

    What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

    美国国会由哪两个部分组成?

    • The Senate and House (of Representatives) 参议院和众议院
  6. 18

    How many U.S. Senators are there?

    美国有多少名联邦参议员?

    • One hundred (100) 一百(100)名
  7. 19

    We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?

    我们选举美国联邦参议员,任期是几年?

    • Six (6) 六(6)
  8. 20★

    Who is one of your state's U.S. Senators now?

    您所在州现任的联邦参议员之一是谁?

    这些答案取决于你住在哪里或谁在任。 查一查你的答案

  9. 21

    The House of Representatives has how many voting members?

    众议院有多少名有投票权的议员?

    • Four hundred thirty-five (435) 四百三十五(435)名
  10. 22

    We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?

    我们选出的美国众议员任期是几年?

    • Two (2) 两(2)年
  11. 23

    Name your U.S. Representative.

    说出您的联邦众议员的名字。

    这些答案取决于你住在哪里或谁在任。 查一查你的答案

  12. 24

    Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

    美国联邦参议员代表谁?

    • All people of the state 本州的所有人民
  13. 25

    Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?

    为什么有些州的众议员比其他州多?

    • (Because of) the state's population (因为)该州的人口
    • (Because) they have more people (因为)它们的人更多
    • (Because) some states have more people (因为)有些州的人更多
  14. 26

    We elect a President for how many years?

    我们选举总统,任期是几年?

    • Four (4) 四(4)
  15. 27★

    In what month do we vote for President?

    我们在哪个月投票选举总统?

    • November 十一月
  16. 28★

    What is the name of the President of the United States now?

    现任美国总统叫什么名字?

    • Donald J. Trump
  17. 29

    What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?

    现任美国副总统叫什么名字?

    • JD Vance
  18. 30

    If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

    如果总统不能再任职,谁会成为总统?

    • The Vice President 副总统
  19. 31

    If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

    如果总统和副总统都不能再任职,谁会成为总统?

    • The Speaker of the House 众议院议长
  20. 32

    Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?

    谁是军队的最高统帅?

    • The President 总统
  21. 33

    Who signs bills to become laws?

    谁签署法案使其成为法律?

    • The President 总统
  22. 34

    Who vetoes bills?

    谁否决法案?

    • The President 总统
  23. 35

    What does the President's Cabinet do?

    总统内阁做什么?

    • Advises the President 为总统提供建议
  24. 36

    What are two Cabinet-level positions?

    内阁级职位有哪些?请说出两个。

    • Secretary of Agriculture 农业部长
    • Secretary of Commerce 商务部长
    • Secretary of Defense 国防部长
    • Secretary of Education 教育部长
    • Secretary of Energy 能源部长
    • Secretary of Health and Human Services 卫生与公众服务部长
    • Secretary of Homeland Security 国土安全部长
    • Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 住房和城市发展部长
    • Secretary of the Interior 内政部长
    • Secretary of Labor 劳工部长
    • Secretary of State 国务卿
    • Secretary of Transportation 交通部长
    • Secretary of the Treasury 财政部长
    • Secretary of Veterans Affairs 退伍军人事务部长
    • Attorney General 司法部长
    • Vice President 副总统
  25. 37

    What does the judicial branch do?

    司法部门做什么?

    • Reviews laws 审查法律
    • Explains laws 解释法律
    • Resolves disputes (disagreements) 解决争议(分歧)
    • Decides if a law goes against the Constitution 裁定一项法律是否违反宪法
  26. 38

    What is the highest court in the United States?

    美国最高级别的法院是什么?

    • The Supreme Court 最高法院
  27. 39

    How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

    最高法院有几位大法官?

    • Nine (9) 九(9)
  28. 40

    Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

    现任美国首席大法官是谁?

    • John Roberts
  29. 41

    Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government?

    根据我们的宪法,有些权力属于联邦政府。联邦政府的一项权力是什么?

    • To print money 印制货币
    • To declare war 宣战
    • To create an army 建立军队
    • To make treaties 缔结条约
  30. 42

    Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?

    根据我们的宪法,有些权力属于各州。各州的一项权力是什么?

    • Provide schooling and education 提供学校和教育
    • Provide protection (police) 提供保护(警察)
    • Provide safety (fire departments) 提供安全保障(消防部门)
    • Give a driver's license 发放驾照
    • Approve zoning and land use 批准分区规划和土地使用
  31. 43

    Who is the Governor of your state now?

    您所在州的现任州长是谁?

    这些答案取决于你住在哪里或谁在任。 查一查你的答案

  32. 44★

    What is the capital of your state?

    您所在州的首府是哪里?

    这些答案取决于你住在哪里或谁在任。 查一查你的答案

  33. 45★

    What are the two major political parties in the United States?

    美国的两大政党是什么?

    • Democratic and Republican 民主党和共和党
  34. 46

    What is the political party of the President now?

    现任总统属于哪个政党?

    • Republican (Party) 共和党
  35. 47

    What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?

    现任众议院议长叫什么名字?

    • Mike Johnson

Rights and Responsibilities

  1. 48

    There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.

    宪法中有四条关于谁可以投票的修正案。请描述其中一条。

    • Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). 十八(18)岁及以上的公民(可以投票)。
    • You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. 您不必缴纳(人头税)就可以投票。
    • Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) 任何公民都可以投票。(女性和男性都可以投票。)
    • A male citizen of any race (can vote). 任何种族的男性公民(都可以投票)。
  2. 49★

    What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?

    只有美国公民才有的一项责任是什么?

    • Serve on a jury 担任陪审员
    • Vote in a federal election 在联邦选举中投票
  3. 50

    Name one right only for United States citizens.

    说出一项只有美国公民才享有的权利。

    • Vote in a federal election 在联邦选举中投票
    • Run for federal office 竞选联邦公职
  4. 51

    What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?

    所有住在美国的人都享有哪两项权利?

    • Freedom of expression 表达自由
    • Freedom of speech 言论自由
    • Freedom of assembly 集会自由
    • Freedom to petition the government 向政府请愿的自由
    • Freedom of religion 宗教自由
    • The right to bear arms 持有武器的权利
  5. 52

    What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?

    当我们背诵忠诚誓言(Pledge of Allegiance)时,我们是在向什么表示忠诚?

    • The United States 美国
    • The flag 国旗
  6. 53

    What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?

    当您成为美国公民时,您作出的一项承诺是什么?

    • Give up loyalty to other countries 放弃对其他国家的效忠
    • Defend the Constitution and laws of the United States 捍卫美国宪法和法律
    • Obey the laws of the United States 遵守美国法律
    • Serve in the U.S. military (if needed) 在美国军队服役(如有需要)
    • Serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) 为国家服务(为国家做重要工作)(如有需要)
    • Be loyal to the United States 忠于美国
  7. 54★

    How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?

    公民必须年满多少岁才能投票选举总统?

    • Eighteen (18) and older 十八(18)岁及以上
  8. 55

    What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?

    美国人可以通过哪两种方式参与他们的民主?

    • Vote 投票
    • Join a political party 加入政党
    • Help with a campaign 协助竞选活动
    • Join a civic group 加入公民团体
    • Join a community group 加入社区团体
    • Give an elected official your opinion on an issue 就某个议题向民选官员表达您的意见
    • Call Senators and Representatives 给参议员和众议员打电话
    • Publicly support or oppose an issue or policy 公开支持或反对某个议题或政策
    • Run for office 竞选公职
    • Write to a newspaper 给报纸写信
  9. 56★

    When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?

    您最晚可以在哪一天寄出联邦所得税表格?

    • April 15 4月15日
  10. 57

    When must all men register for the Selective Service?

    所有男性什么时候必须在义务兵役登记处(Selective Service)登记?

    • At age eighteen (18) 十八(18)岁时
    • Between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) 十八(18)岁至二十六(26)岁之间

Colonial Period and Independence

  1. 58

    What is one reason colonists came to America?

    殖民者来到美洲的一个原因是什么?

    • Freedom 自由
    • Political liberty 政治自由
    • Religious freedom 宗教自由
    • Economic opportunity 经济机会
    • Practice their religion 信奉自己的宗教
    • Escape persecution 逃避迫害
  2. 59

    Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?

    在欧洲人到来之前,谁住在美洲?

    • American Indians 美洲印第安人
    • Native Americans 美洲原住民
  3. 60

    What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?

    哪一群人被带到美洲并被卖为奴隶?

    • Africans 非洲人
    • People from Africa 来自非洲的人
  4. 61

    Why did the colonists fight the British?

    殖民者为什么与英国人作战?

    • Because of high taxes (taxation without representation) 因为高税收(无代表权却要纳税)
    • Because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering) 因为英国军队住在他们的家里(寄宿、驻扎)
    • Because they didn't have self-government 因为他们没有自治权
  5. 62

    Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

    谁撰写了《独立宣言》?

    • (Thomas) Jefferson (Thomas) Jefferson(托马斯·杰斐逊)
  6. 63

    When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

    《独立宣言》是什么时候通过的?

    • July 4, 1776 1776年7月4日
  7. 64

    There were 13 original states. Name three.

    最初有13个州。说出其中三个。

    • New Hampshire 新罕布什尔州(New Hampshire)
    • Massachusetts 马萨诸塞州(Massachusetts)
    • Rhode Island 罗得岛州(Rhode Island)
    • Connecticut 康涅狄格州(Connecticut)
    • New York 纽约州(New York)
    • New Jersey 新泽西州(New Jersey)
    • Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚州(Pennsylvania)
    • Delaware 特拉华州(Delaware)
    • Maryland 马里兰州(Maryland)
    • Virginia 弗吉尼亚州(Virginia)
    • North Carolina 北卡罗来纳州(North Carolina)
    • South Carolina 南卡罗来纳州(South Carolina)
    • Georgia 佐治亚州(Georgia)
  8. 65

    What happened at the Constitutional Convention?

    制宪会议上发生了什么?

    • The Constitution was written. 宪法写成了。
    • The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution. 开国元勋写成了宪法。
  9. 66

    When was the Constitution written?

    宪法是什么时候写成的?

    • 1787 1787年
  10. 67

    The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.

    《联邦党人文集》(Federalist Papers)支持通过美国宪法。说出其中一位作者。

    • (James) Madison (James) Madison(詹姆斯·麦迪逊)
    • (Alexander) Hamilton (Alexander) Hamilton(亚历山大·汉密尔顿)
    • (John) Jay (John) Jay(约翰·杰伊)
    • Publius Publius(普布利乌斯)
  11. 68

    What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?

    本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin)因什么而闻名?请说出一件事。

    • U.S. diplomat 美国外交官
    • Oldest member of the Constitutional Convention 制宪会议中年龄最大的成员
    • First Postmaster General of the United States 美国第一任邮政总长
    • Writer of "Poor Richard's Almanac" 《穷理查年鉴》(Poor Richard's Almanac)的作者
    • Started the first free libraries 创办了第一批免费图书馆
  12. 69

    Who is the "Father of Our Country"?

    谁是“国父”?

    • (George) Washington (George) Washington(乔治·华盛顿)
  13. 70★

    Who was the first President?

    谁是第一任总统?

    • (George) Washington (George) Washington(乔治·华盛顿)

1800s

  1. 71

    What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

    美国在1803年从法国买下了哪块领土?

    • The Louisiana Territory 路易斯安那领地(Louisiana Territory)
    • Louisiana 路易斯安那(Louisiana)
  2. 72

    Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.

    说出美国在19世纪(1800年代)打过的一场战争。

    • War of 1812 1812年战争
    • Mexican-American War 美墨战争
    • Civil War 南北战争(内战)
    • Spanish-American War 美西战争
  3. 73

    Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

    说出美国北方与南方之间的那场战争。

    • The Civil War 南北战争(内战)
    • The War between the States 各州之间的战争
  4. 74

    Name one problem that led to the Civil War.

    说出一个导致南北战争的问题。

    • Slavery 奴隶制
    • Economic reasons 经济原因
    • States' rights 州权
  5. 75★

    What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?

    亚伯拉罕·林肯(Abraham Lincoln)做过的一件重要的事是什么?

    • Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation) 解放了奴隶(《解放奴隶宣言》)
    • Saved (or preserved) the Union 拯救(或维护)了联邦
    • Led the United States during the Civil War 在南北战争期间领导美国
  6. 76

    What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

    《解放奴隶宣言》做了什么?

    • Freed the slaves 解放了奴隶
    • Freed slaves in the Confederacy 解放了邦联的奴隶
    • Freed slaves in the Confederate states 解放了邦联各州的奴隶
    • Freed slaves in most Southern states 解放了大多数南方州的奴隶
  7. 77

    What did Susan B. Anthony do?

    Susan B. Anthony(苏珊·B·安东尼)做了什么?

    • Fought for women's rights 为妇女权利而斗争
    • Fought for civil rights 为民权而斗争

Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information

  1. 78★

    Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.

    请说出一场美国在20世纪(1900年代)参加的战争。

    • World War I 第一次世界大战
    • World War II 第二次世界大战
    • Korean War 朝鲜战争
    • Vietnam War 越南战争
    • (Persian) Gulf War 海湾战争(波斯湾战争)
  2. 79

    Who was President during World War I?

    第一次世界大战期间的美国总统是谁?

    • (Woodrow) Wilson (Woodrow) Wilson(伍德罗·威尔逊)
  3. 80

    Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?

    大萧条和第二次世界大战期间的美国总统是谁?

    • (Franklin) Roosevelt (Franklin) Roosevelt(富兰克林·罗斯福)
  4. 81

    Who did the United States fight in World War II?

    美国在第二次世界大战中与谁作战?

    • Japan, Germany, and Italy 日本、德国和意大利
  5. 82

    Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?

    Eisenhower(艾森豪威尔)在当总统之前是一名将军。他参加了哪一场战争?

    • World War II 第二次世界大战
  6. 83

    During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?

    冷战期间,美国主要担心的是什么?

    • Communism 共产主义
  7. 84

    What movement tried to end racial discrimination?

    哪个运动试图结束种族歧视?

    • Civil rights (movement) 民权(运动)
  8. 85★

    What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?

    Martin Luther King, Jr.(小马丁·路德·金)做了什么?

    • Fought for civil rights 为民权而斗争
    • Worked for equality for all Americans 为所有美国人的平等而努力
  9. 86

    What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States?

    2001年9月11日在美国发生了什么重大事件?

    • Terrorists attacked the United States. 恐怖分子袭击了美国。
  10. 87

    Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.

    请说出一个美国的美洲印第安人部落。

    • Cherokee Cherokee(切罗基族)
    • Navajo Navajo(纳瓦霍族)
    • Sioux Sioux(苏族)
    • Chippewa Chippewa(奇珀瓦族)
    • Choctaw Choctaw(乔克托族)
    • Pueblo Pueblo(普韦布洛族)
    • Apache Apache(阿帕奇族)
    • Iroquois Iroquois(易洛魁族)
    • Creek Creek(克里克族)
    • Blackfeet Blackfeet(黑脚族)
    • Seminole Seminole(塞米诺尔族)
    • Cheyenne Cheyenne(夏延族)
    • Arawak Arawak(阿拉瓦克族)
    • Shawnee Shawnee(肖尼族)
    • Mohegan Mohegan(莫希干族)
    • Huron Huron(休伦族)
    • Oneida Oneida(奥奈达族)
    • Lakota Lakota(拉科塔族)
    • Crow Crow(克劳族)
    • Teton Teton(提顿族)
    • Hopi Hopi(霍皮族)
    • Inuit Inuit(因纽特人)

Geography

  1. 88

    Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States.

    说出美国最长的两条河流之一。

    • Missouri (River) 密苏里(Missouri)(河)
    • Mississippi (River) 密西西比(Mississippi)(河)
  2. 89

    What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?

    哪个大洋位于美国的西海岸?

    • Pacific (Ocean) 太平洋
  3. 90

    What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?

    美国东海岸濒临哪个大洋?

    • Atlantic (Ocean) 大西洋(Atlantic Ocean)
  4. 91

    Name one U.S. territory.

    说出一个美国领地。

    • Puerto Rico Puerto Rico(波多黎各)
    • U.S. Virgin Islands U.S. Virgin Islands(美属维尔京群岛)
    • American Samoa American Samoa(美属萨摩亚)
    • Northern Mariana Islands Northern Mariana Islands(北马里亚纳群岛)
    • Guam Guam(关岛)
  5. 92

    Name one state that borders Canada.

    说出一个与加拿大接壤的州。

    • Maine Maine(缅因州)
    • New Hampshire New Hampshire(新罕布什尔州)
    • Vermont Vermont(佛蒙特州)
    • New York New York(纽约州)
    • Pennsylvania Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚州)
    • Ohio Ohio(俄亥俄州)
    • Michigan Michigan(密歇根州)
    • Minnesota Minnesota(明尼苏达州)
    • North Dakota North Dakota(北达科他州)
    • Montana Montana(蒙大拿州)
    • Idaho Idaho(爱达荷州)
    • Washington Washington(华盛顿州)
    • Alaska Alaska(阿拉斯加州)
  6. 93

    Name one state that borders Mexico.

    说出一个与墨西哥接壤的州。

    • California 加利福尼亚州(California)
    • Arizona 亚利桑那州(Arizona)
    • New Mexico 新墨西哥州(New Mexico)
    • Texas 得克萨斯州(Texas)
  7. 94★

    What is the capital of the United States?

    美国的首都是哪里?

    • Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C.(华盛顿特区)
  8. 95★

    Where is the Statue of Liberty?

    自由女神像在哪里?

    • New York (Harbor) 纽约(港)
    • Liberty Island [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).] 自由岛(Liberty Island)[也可以回答:新泽西州、纽约市附近、在哈德逊(河)上。]

Symbols

  1. 96

    Why does the flag have 13 stripes?

    国旗上为什么有13道条纹?

    • Because there were 13 original colonies (因为有)13个最初的殖民地
    • Because the stripes represent the original colonies (因为这些条纹)代表最初的殖民地
  2. 97★

    Why does the flag have 50 stars?

    国旗上为什么有50颗星?

    • Because there is one star for each state (因为)每个州有一颗星
    • Because each star represents a state (因为)每颗星代表一个州
    • Because there are 50 states (因为有)50个州
  3. 98

    What is the name of the national anthem?

    美国国歌叫什么名字?

    • The Star-Spangled Banner The Star-Spangled Banner(《星条旗》)

Holidays

  1. 99★

    When do we celebrate Independence Day?

    我们在哪一天庆祝独立日?

    • July 4 7月4日
  2. 100

    Name two national U.S. holidays.

    请说出两个美国的全国性节日。

    • New Year's Day 元旦
    • Martin Luther King, Jr. Day 马丁·路德·金纪念日(Martin Luther King, Jr. Day)
    • Presidents' Day 总统日
    • Memorial Day 阵亡将士纪念日
    • Independence Day 独立日
    • Labor Day 劳动节
    • Columbus Day 哥伦布日
    • Veterans Day 退伍军人节
    • Thanksgiving 感恩节
    • Christmas 圣诞节

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来源:USCIS,uscis.gov/citizenship。官员相关答案核对于 2026年10月9日。